Mofuta o mocha oabetri bakeng sa likoloi tsa motlakaseho latela phuputso ya morao tjena, di ka phela nako e telele maemong a chesang le a batang haholo.

Bo-rasaense ba re libeteri li tla lumella li-EV ho tsamaea hole ka tjhaja e le 'ngoe mochesong o batang - 'me li ke ke tsa ba le tšekamelo ea ho chesa haholo maemong a leholimo a chesang.

Sena se tla fella ka ho fokotsa ho tjhaja kgafetsa bakeng sa bakganni ba di-EV hammoho le ho falibeteribophelo bo bolelele.

Sehlopha sa bafuputsi ba Amerika se thehile ntho e ncha e hanelang lik'hemik'hale haholo mochesong o feteletseng 'me e eketsoa libetering tsa lithium tse nang le matla a mangata.

“O hloka ts'ebetso ea mocheso o phahameng libakeng tseo mocheso o ka fihlang ho lipalo tse tharo 'me litsela li chesa le ho feta,” ho boletse sengoli se seholo Moprofesa Zheng Chen oa Univesithi ea California-San Diego.

"Likoloing tsa motlakase, hangata liphutheloana tsa libeteri li ka tlas'a fatše, haufi le litsela tsena tse chesang. Hape, libeteri lia futhumala ka lebaka la ho ba le phallo ea motlakase nakong ea ts'ebetso."

"Haeba libeteri li sa khone ho mamella ho futhumala hona mochesong o phahameng, ts'ebetso ea tsona e tla theoha kapele."

Pampiring e phatlalalitsoeng ka Mantaha koranteng ea Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, bafuputsi ba hlalosa kamoo litekong, libeteri li ileng tsa boloka karolo ea 87.5 lekholong le karolo ea 115.9 lekholong ea matla a tsona ho -40 Celsius (–104 Fahrenheit) le 50 Celsius (122 Fahrenheit) ka ho latellana.

Hape ba ne ba e-na le katleho e phahameng ea Coulombic ea liphesente tse 98.2 le liphesente tse 98.7 ka ho latellana, ho bolelang hore libeteri li ka feta lipotolohong tse ngata tsa ho tjhaja pele li emisa ho sebetsa.

Sena se bakoa ke electrolyte e entsoeng ka letsoai la lithium le dibutyl ether, mokelikeli o se nang 'mala o sebelisoang tlhahisong e meng joalo ka meriana le chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana.

Dibutyl ether e thusa hobane limolek'hule tsa eona ha li bapale bolo le li-ion tsa lithium habonolo ha betri e ntse e sebetsa 'me e ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea eona maemong a mocheso a ka tlase ho zero.

Ho feta moo, dibutyl ether e ka mamella mocheso habonolo ha e ntse e bela ea 141 Celsius (285.8 Fahrenheit) ho bolelang hore e lula e le metsi mochesong o phahameng.

Se etsang hore electrolyte ena e be e ikhethang ke hore e ka sebelisoa le betri ea lithium-sulfur, e ka tjhajwang hape e na le anode e entsoeng ka lithium le cathode e entsoeng ka sebabole.

Li-anode le li-cathode ke likarolo tsa betri tseo motlakase o fetang ho tsona.

Libetri tsa lithium-sulfur ke mohato o latelang oa bohlokoa libetering tsa EV hobane li ka boloka matla a fetang habeli ka kilogram ho feta libeteri tsa hona joale tsa lithium-ion.

Sena se ka eketsa mefuta e habeli ea li-EV ntle le ho eketsa boima babetripaka ha o ntse o boloka ditjeo di le tlase.

Sebabole le sona se ngata haholo 'me se baka mahlomola a fokolang a tikoloho le a batho mohloling ho feta cobalt, e sebelisoang li-cathode tsa betri tsa lithium-ion tsa setso.

Hangata, ho na le bothata ka libeteri tsa lithium-sulfur - di-cathode tsa sebabole di arabela haholo hoo di qhibilihang ha betri e ntse e sebetsa mme sena se mpefala ha mocheso o phahame.

'Me li-anode tsa tšepe ea lithium li ka etsa meaho e kang ea nale e bitsoang li-dendrite tse ka phunyang likarolo tsa betri ka lebaka la ho fokotsa potoloho.

Ka lebaka leo, libeteri tsena li nka nako e telele ho fihlela ho lipotoloho tse mashome feela.

Electrolyte ea dibutyl ether e hlahisitsoeng ke sehlopha sa UC-San Diego e lokisa mathata ana, esita le maemong a mocheso o feteletseng.

Libetri tseo ba li lekileng li ne li phela nako e telele ho feta betri e tloaelehileng ea lithium-sulfur.

"Haeba o batla betri e nang le matla a mangata, hangata o hloka ho sebelisa k'hemistri e thata haholo le e rarahaneng," ho boletse Chen.

"Matla a mangata a bolela hore ho etsahala liketso tse ngata, e leng se bolelang botsitso bo fokolang, ho senyeha ho hoholo."

"Ho etsa betri e nang le matla a mangata e tsitsitseng ke mosebetsi o boima ka bohona - ho leka ho etsa sena ka mocheso o pharaletseng ho thata le ho feta."

"Electrolyte ea rona e thusa ho ntlafatsa lehlakore la cathode le lehlakore la anode ha ka nako e ts'oanang e fana ka conductivity e phahameng le botsitso ba interfacial."

Sehlopha se boetse se entse cathode ea sebabole hore e tsitse haholoanyane ka ho e hokela ho polymer. Sena se thibela sebabole se sengata ho qhibiliha ka har'a electrolyte.

Mehato e latelang e kenyelletsa ho eketsa k'hemistri ea betri e le hore e sebetse maemong a mocheso a phahameng le ho feta 'me e tla eketsa bophelo ba potoloho.